Fallen Nature, Fallen Selves
Early Modern French Thought II
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP Oxford
- Date of Publication 25 May 2006
- ISBN 9780199291038
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages450 pages
- Size 223x146x30 mm
- Weight 672 g
- Language English 0
Categories
Short description:
An investigation of psychological and ethical thought in seventeenth-century France, emphasizing both continuities and discontinuities with ancient and medieval thought. It demonstrates the subtlety and complexity of psychological analysis that characterizes the period and shows how religious doctrines affected ethical and psychological thought.
MoreLong description:
From the late sixteenth to the late seventeenth centuries, French writing is especially concerned with analysing human nature. The ancient ethical vision of man's nature and goal (we achieve fulfilment by living our lives according to reason, the highest and noblest element of our nature) survives, even, to some extent, in Descartes. But it is put into question especially by the revival of St Augustine's thought, which focuses on the contradictions and disorders of human desires and aspirations. Analyses of behaviour display a powerful suspicion of appearances. Human beings are increasingly seen as motivated by self-love: they are driven by the desire for their own advantage, and take a narcissistic delight in their own image. Moral and religious writers re-emphasize the traditional imperative of self-knowledge, but in such a way as to suggest the difficulties of knowing oneself. Operating with the Cartesian distinction between mind and body, they emphasize the imperceptible influence of bodily processes on our thought and attitudes. They analyse human beings' ignorance (due to self-love) of their own motives and qualities, and the illusions under which they live their lives. Their critique of human behaviour is no less searching than that of writers who have broken with traditional religious morality, such as Hobbes and Spinoza. A wide range of authors is studied, some well-known, others much less so: the abstract and general analyses of philosophers and theologians (Descartes, Jansenius, Malebranche) are juxtaposed with the less systematic and more concrete investigations of writers like Montaigne and La Rochefoucauld, not to mention the theatre of Corneille, Moli?re, and Racine.
...it will be difficult in future to address the concerns that are explored in this bipartite enterprise without making reference to his enlightening, lucid and oftern engagingly individual treatment of them.
Table of Contents:
Part One: Human Nature
Approaches
Original Sin
Part Two: Self-Love and Concupiscence
Early Modern Religious Perspectives
La Rochefoucauld on Interest and Self-Love
Malebranche's Synthesis
Part Three: Problems of Self-Knowledge
Forms of Self-Knowledge
Literary Explorations
Self-Knowledge and Self-Ignorance in Context
La Rochefoucauld and Self-Knowledge
Religious Moralists