The History of English by Gramley, Stephan; Gramley, Vivian;

Rövid leírás:

The History of English provides a chronological analysis of the linguistic, social, and cultural development of the English language from before its establishment in Britain around the year 450 to the present. Each chapter represents a new stage in the evolution of the language.

Hosszú leírás:

The History of English: An Introduction provides a chronological analysis of the linguistic, social, and cultural development of the English language from before its establishment in Britain around the year 450 to the present. Each chapter represents a new stage in the evolution of the language, all illustrated with a rich and diverse selection of primary texts. The book also explores the wider global course of the language, including a historical review of English in its pidgin and creole varieties and as a native and/or second language in the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, and Australasia.

The third edition, carefully revised and updated throughout, includes:

● chapter introductions and conclusions to assist in orientation plus additional marginal references throughout;

● the addition of 21 timelines often running from Old English to Present-Day English and focusing on a variety of features;

● a new focus on the relevance of change for and in Present-Day English;

● discussions on the role and image of women, the (in-)visibility of social classes, and regional variation in English;

● material on bilingualism, code-switching, and borrowing, and on the effects of the social media on language use;

● over 90 textual examples demonstrating linguistic change and over 100 figures, tables, and maps, including 31 colour images, to support and illuminate the text;

● updated online support material including brief introductions to Old and to Middle English, further articles on linguistic, historical, and cultural phenomena which go beyond the scope of the book, additional sample texts, exercises, and audio clips.

With study questions as well as recommendations for further reading and topics for further study, The History of English is essential reading for any student of the English language and will be of relevance to any course addressing the origins and development of the English language.

"This book is a thorough and accessible introduction to the history of the English language. Especially the consideration of social contexts of language structure and use sets it apart from many other books on a similar topic and makes it an invaluable resource."

Marion Schulte, Universität Rostock, Germany

"Among the innovations in this third edition of The History of English are its new timelines and the increased visibility of people outside the societal establishment, including the greater weight put on language variation. The History of English by Stephan Gramley and Vivian Gramley is certainly the text I will use when next teaching the History of English."

Richard L. Harris, University of Saskatchewan, Canada

Tartalomjegyzék:

List of Illustrations

List of Plates

List of Figures

List of Maps

List of Timelines

List of Tables

Lists of Texts

Lists of Abbreviations

Preface to the first edition

Preface to the second edition

Preface to the third edition

Acknowledgments

PART I

Before Britain

1 The origins of English (before 450)

Chapter overview

1.1 The origins of human language

1.2 Language change

1.3 Changes in Germanic before the invasions of Britain

1.4 The world of the Germanic peoples

1.5 The Germanic migrations

1.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

PART II

Early English in Britain

2 Old English: early Germanic Britain (450–700)

Chapter overview

2.1 The first peoples

2.2 The Germanic incursions

2.3 Introduction to Old English

2.4 The Christianization of England

2.5 Literature in the early Old English period

2.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

3 Old English: the Viking invasions and their consequences (700–1066/1100)

Chapter overview

3.1 The Viking invasions

3.2 Linguistic influence of Old Norse (ON)

3.3 Creolization

3.4 Standardization

3.5 Social and linguistic variation

3.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

4 Middle English: The non-standard period (1066/1100–1350)

Chapter overview

4.1 Dynastic conflict and the Norman Conquest

4.2 Middle English and question of creolization

4.3 Linguistic features of Middle English in the non-standard period

4.4 English literature

4.5 Dialectal diversity in ME

4.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

5 Middle English: the emergence of Standard English (1350–1500)

Chapter overview

5.1 Political and social turmoil and demographic developments

5.2 The expansion of domains

5.3 Chancery English

5.4 Literature in the late ME period

5.5 Variation in late ME

5.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

6  The Early Modern English Period (1500–1700)

Chapter overview

6.1 The Early Modern English Period

6.2 Early Modern English

6.3 Regulation and codification

6.4 Religious and scientific prose and belles lettres

6.5 Variation

6.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

PART III

Britain and beyond

7 The spread of English (since the late sixteenth century)

Chapter overview

7.1 Social-historical background

7.2 European expansion and the slave trade

7.3 North America

7.4 The Southern Hemisphere

7.5 Second and foreign language countries (ESL and EFL)

7.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

8 Standard and non-standard English

Chapter overview

8.1 Standard English and General English

8.2 English in England, Wales, Scotland – and Ireland

8.3 North American English (NAmE)

8.4 Southern Hemisphere English

8.5 Ethnicity and language

8.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

9 English pidgins, English creoles, and English (since the early seventeenth century)

Chapter overview

9.0 Cultural survivals

9.1 Pidgins

9.2 Creoles

9.3 Pidgin and creole communities

9.4 Theories of origin

9.5 History and textual examples

9.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

10 Grammatical change in ModE

Chapter overview

10.0 Grammatical developments

10.1 Word order

10.2 The noun phrase

10.3 The verb phrase: development of full ModE paradigm

10.4 Other: conjunctions and prepositions

10.5 Substrate influence

10.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

11 Pronunciation change in ModE

Chapter overview

11.1 Introduction and principles of pronunciation change

11.2 The reference accents and other national accents

11.3 Consonants in ModE

11.4 Vowels in ModE

11.5 Vowel changes in ModE: chain shifts and mergers

11.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

12 Vocabulary and Spelling Change in ModE

Chapter overview

12.1 New words and old

12.2 Borrowing

12.3 Word formation

12.4 Pragmatics

12.5 Modern English spelling

12.6 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

PART IV

13 Worldwide English

Chapter overview

13.1 The beginnings of Global English

13.2 Media dominance

13.3 Features of medialized language

13.4 English in a world-wide context

13.5 Bilingualism, code-switching, and hybrid lasnguages

13.4 Summary

Study questions

Topics of interest for further study

Further reading

Glossary

The International Phonetic Alphabet

General bibliography

Index