Cognition, Evolution, and Behavior
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A termék adatai:
- Kiadó Oxford University Press
- Megjelenés dátuma 1999. április 29.
- ISBN 9780195110487
- Kötéstípus Puhakötés
- Terjedelem684 oldal
- Méret 234x156x32 mm
- Súly 1003 g
- Nyelv angol
- Illusztrációk numerous halftones and line drawings 0
Kategóriák
Rövid leírás:
The major aim of this book is to explore the adaptationist or ecological approach to cognition,looking at how hypotheses about adaptation can be tested, and how adaptationist and psychological explanations can be related to each other. To bridge the gap between comparative psychology and behavioural ecology, each chapter will synthesize laboratory analyses of cognitive mechanisms with related theory and data from behavioural ecology. By integrating research not ordinarily considered
together, Shettleworth will present some new interpretations of traditional topices and offer some new directions for researchers in animal cognition as well as their graduate students.
Hosszú leírás:
How do animals perceive the world, learn, remember, search for food or mates, and find their way around? Do any non-human animals count, imitate one another, use a language, or think as we do? What use is cognition in nature and how might it have evolved? Historically, research on such questions has been fragmented between psychology, where the emphasis has been on theoretical models and lab experiments, and biology, where studies focus on evolution and the adaptive use of
perception, learning, and decision-making in the field.
Cognition, Evolution and the Study of Behavior integrates research from psychology, behavioural ecology, and ethology in a wide-ranging synthesis of theory and research about animal cognition in the broadest sense, from species-specific adaptations in fish to cognitive mapping in rats and honeybees to theories of mind for chimpanzees. As a major contribution to the emerging discipline of comparative cognition, the book is an invaluable resource for all students and researchers in
psychology, zoology, and behavioural neuroscience. It will also interest general readers curious about the details of how and why animals--including humans--process, retain, and use information as they do.
Tartalomjegyzék:
Cognition, Evolution and the Study of Behavior
Cognition and Consciousness
Kinds of Explanation of Behavior
Approaches to Comparative Cognition
Testing Adaptive/Evolutionary Explanations
Evolution and Cognition
Summary
Perception and Attention
Specialized Sensory Systems
How Can We Find Out What Animals Perceive?
Some Psychophisical Principles
Signal Detection Theory
Perception and Evolution
Perceiving Objects
Attention
Summary
Learning: A Framework and Its Application to Pavlovian Conditioning
General Processes and Adaptive Specializations
A Framework for Thinking About Learning
When Will Learning Evolve?
Pavlovian Conditioning
Varieties of Associative Learning
Summary
Simple Recognition Learning
Habituation
Perceptual Learning
Imprinting
Recognition and Altruism
Discrimination and Classification
Introduction: Three Examples
Untrained Responses to Natural Stimuli
Classifying Complex Natural Stimuli
Discrimination Learning
Category Discrimination and Concepts
Summary and Conclusions
Memory
The Issues
Methods for Studying Memory in Animals
Conditions for Memory
Species Differences in Memory
Contents of Memory
Summary and Conclusions
Getting Around
Mechanisms for Spatial Orientation
How is Spatial Information Integrated? Modularity and Averaging
Do Animals Have Cognitive Maps?
Acquiring Spatial Knowledge: The Conditions for Learning
Summary and Conclusions
Timing and Counting
Circadian Rhythms
Characteristics of Interval Timing
Theories of Interval Timing
Do Animals Count?
Summary
Foraging and Measuring Rate
Introduction
How Individuals Choose Patches
Choosing Patches With a Group
Leaving Depleting Patches
Choosing Prey
Assessing Risk
Summary
Learning From Others
The Behavioral Ecology of Social Learning
Mechanisms for Social Learning
Vocal Imitation: Bird Song Learning
Tool Use and Teaching
Putting It All Together
Cognitive Ethology and the Evolution of Mind
Cognitive Ethology
Intentions, Intentionality, and the Intentional Stance
Monkey in the Mirror
Theory of Mind
The Social Theory of Intellect and Evolutionary Psychology
Whither Cognitive Ethology
Communication and Language
Approaches to Studying Communication
Some Natural Communication Systems
Trying to Teach Human Language to Other Species
Overview
Summing Up and Looking Ahead
Modularity and the Animal Mind
How Does Cognition Evolve?
Anthropomorphism and Representational Explanations
Synthesizing the Ecological and Anthropocentric Program
