The Knights Hospitaller of the English Langue 1460-1565
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP Oxford
- Date of Publication 22 September 2005
- ISBN 9780199253791
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages445 pages
- Size 242x164x29 mm
- Weight 810 g
- Language English
- Illustrations 2 maps and 6 tables 0
Categories
Short description:
In this major contribution to the history of the crusades, O'Malley studies the establishments of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in Britain and Ireland in the later fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He examines their involvement in the society in those islands and the military, medical, and devotional work of the Hospital's headquarters in Rhodes, Italy, and Malta. This is the first book-length scholarly examination of the work of the order's English and Irish priories in any period.
MoreLong description:
The Knights of St John of Jerusalem, also known as the Hospitallers, were a military religious order, subject to monastic vows and discipline but devoted to the active defence of the Holy Land. After evacuating the Holy Land at the beginning of the fourteenth century, they occupied Rhodes, which they held into the sixteenth century, when their headquarters moved to Malta. Branches of the order existed throughout Europe, and it is the English branch in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries that is examined here.
Among the major subjects researched by O'Malley are the recruitment of members of the Hospital and their family ties; the operation of the order's career structure; the administration of its estates; its provision of spiritual and charitable services; and the publicity and logistical support it provided for the holy war carried on by its headquarters against the Ottoman Turks. It is argued that the English Hospitallers in particular took their military and financial duties to the order very seriously, making a major contribution to the Hospital's operations in the Mediterranean as a result. They were able to do so because they were wealthy, had close family and other ties with gentle and mercantile society, and above all because their activities had royal support. Where this was lacking or ineffective, as in Ireland, the Hospital might become the plaything of local interests eager to exploit its estates, and its wider functions might be neglected. Consequently the heart of the book lies in an extended discussion of the relationship between senior Hospitaller officers and the governing authorities of Britain and Ireland. It is concluded that rulers were generally supportive of the order's activities, but within strict limits, particularly in matters concerning appointments, the size of payments to the east, and the movement and foreign allegiances of senior brethren. When these limits were breached, or at times of political or religious sensitivity such as the 1460s and 1530s, the Hospital's personnel and estates would suffer.
In addition, more general areas of historical debate are illuminated such as those concerning the relationship between late medieval societies and the religious orders; 'British' attitudes to Christendom and holy war, and the rights of rulers over their subjects. This is the first such book to be based on archival records in both Britain and Malta, and will make a major contribution to understanding the order's European network, its place in the ordering of Latin Christendom, and in particular its role in late medieval British and Irish society.
...a masterly examination of a little-understood military community in the late-medieval British Isles ...
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Hospital in England and Wales c.1460-1540: The Prior, His Brethren and Conventual Life
The Administration and Finances of the Priory of England
The Hospital and Society in England and Wales
The Hospital and the English Crown 1468-1501
The Hospital and the English Crown 1501-1540
The Hospital in Ireland and Scotland 1460-1564
The English Langue in Rhodes, Italy and Malta c.1460-1540
Brethren and Conformists 1540-1559
Conclusion
Appendices
Bibliography
Index
