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  • Health: A History

    Health by Adamson, Peter;

    A History

    Series: Oxford Philosophical Concepts;

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    Product details:

    • Publisher OUP USA
    • Date of Publication 22 May 2019

    • ISBN 9780199916429
    • Binding Hardback
    • No. of pages376 pages
    • Size 145x208x25 mm
    • Weight 522 g
    • Language English
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    Short description:

    This book brings together contributions by historians of philosophy and medicine to trace the concept of health from ancient Greece and China, through the Islamic world, down to modern thinkers like Descartes and Freud. Major themes include the parallel between mental and physical health and the difficulty of defining health.

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    Long description:

    From antiquity to the early modern period, many philosophers also studied anatomy and medicine, or were medical doctors themselves -- yet the history of philosophy and of medicine are pursued as separate disciplines. This book departs from that practice, gathering contributions by both historians of philosophy and of medicine to trace the concept of health from ancient Greece and China, through the Islamic world and to modern thinkers such as Descartes and Freud. Through this interdisciplinary approach, Health demonstrates the synchronicity and overlapping histories of these two disciplines.

    From antiquity to the Renaissance, contributors explore the Chinese idea of qi or circulating "vital breath," ideas about medical methodology in antiquity and the middle ages, and the rise and long-lasting influence of Galenic medicine, with its insistence that health consists in a balance of four humors and the proper use of six "non-naturals" including diet, exercise, and sex. In the early modern period, mechanistic theories of the body made it more difficult to explain what health is and why it is more valuable than other physical states. However, philosophers and doctors maintained an interest in the interaction between the good condition of the mind and that of the body, with Descartes and his followers exploring in depth the idea of "medicine for the mind" despite their notorious mind-body dualism. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, scientific improvements in public health emerged along with new ideas about the psychology of health, notably with the concept of "sensibility" and Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The volume concludes with a critical survey of recent philosophical attempts to define health, showing that both "descriptive," or naturalistic, and "normativist" approaches have fallen prey to objections and counterexamples. As a whole, Health: A History shows that notions of both physical and mental health have long been integral to philosophy and a powerful link between philosophy and the sciences.

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    Table of Contents:

    Introduction - Peter Adamson
    1. Health and Philosophy in Pre- and Early Imperial China
    Michael Stanley-Baker
    2. Medical Conceptions of Health from Antiquity to the Renaissance
    Peter E. Pormann
    3. The Soul's Virtue and the Health of the Body in Ancient Philosophy
    James Allen
    Reflection: Phrontis: The Patient Meets the Text
    Helen King
    4. Health in Arabic Ethical Works
    Peter Adamson
    Reflection: The Rationality of Medieval Leechbooks
    Richard Scott Nokes
    5. Health in the Renaissance
    Guido Giglioni
    Reflection: Early Modern Anatomy and the Human Skeleton
    Anita Guerrini
    6. Health in the Early Modern Philosophical Tradition
    Gideon Manning
    7. Health in the Eighteenth Century
    Tom Broman
    Reflection: Pictures of Health?
    Ludmilla Jordanova
    8. Freud and the Concept of Mental Health
    Jim Hopkins
    Reflection: Portrait of the Healthy Artist
    Glenn Adamson
    9. Contemporary Accounts of Health
    Elselijn Kingma

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