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  • Foreign Judges in the Pacific

    Foreign Judges in the Pacific by Dziedzic, Anna;

    Series: Hart Studies on Judging and the Courts;

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    Product details:

    • Publisher Bloomsbury Publishing (UK)
    • Date of Publication 29 June 2023
    • Number of Volumes Paperback

    • ISBN 9781509942909
    • Binding Paperback
    • No. of pages264 pages
    • Size 154x232x14 mm
    • Weight 420 g
    • Language English
    • 466

    Categories

    Long description:

    This book explores the use of foreign judges on courts of constitutional jurisdiction in 9 Pacific states: Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu.

    We often assume that the judges sitting on domestic courts will be citizens. However across the island states of the Pacific, over three-quarters of all judges are foreign judges who regularly hear cases of constitutional, legal and social importance. This has implications for constitutional adjudication, judicial independence and the representative qualities of judges and judiciaries.

    Drawing together detailed empirical research, legal analysis and constitutional theory, it traces how foreign judges bring different dimensions of knowledge to bear on adjudication, face distinctive burdens on their independence, and hold only an attenuated connection to the state and its people. It shows how foreign judges have come to be understood as representatives of a transnational profession, with its own transferrable judicial skills and values.

    Foreign Judges in the Pacific sheds light on the widespread but often unarticulated assumptions about the significance of nationality to the functions and qualities of constitutional judges. It shows how the nationality of judges matters, not only for the legitimacy and effectiveness of the Pacific courts that use foreign judges, but for legal and theoretical scholarship on courts and judging.

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    Table of Contents:

    1. Global Exception, Regional Norm
    I. Foreign Judges and Courts of Constitutional Jurisdiction
    II. An Underexplored Phenomenon
    III. An Overlooked Region
    IV. Methodology, Approach and Outline of the Argument

    2. The Foreign Judges of the Pacific
    I. Introduction
    II. Methodology
    A. Defining a 'Foreign Judge'
    B. Scope of the Empirical Study
    C. Techniques of Data Collection
    III. Number and Proportion of Foreign Judges
    IV. Different Kinds of Judicial Service
    V. Who Serves as a Foreign Judge in the Pacific?
    A. Nationality
    B. Professional Background
    C. Gender
    D. The Significance of Identity and Background
    VI. Localisation
    A. Localisation in Papua New Guinea
    B. Localisation in Fiji
    C. Contributing Factors
    VII. Conclusion

    3. The Regulation of Foreign Judges
    I. Introduction
    II. Selection and Appointment
    A. Formal Appointment Process
    B. Recruitment
    C. Qualifications and Selection Criteria
    D. Formalities and Restrictions in the Foreign Judge's Home State
    III. Remuneration
    A. Rates and Sources of Remuneration
    B. Analysis and Implications
    IV. Tenure
    A. Constitutional and Statutory Provisions
    B. Relationship between Contractual Terms and Formal Appointment
    C. Duration of Appointments
    D. Analysis and Implications
    V. Removal
    A. Non-renewal of Contract
    B. Invitations to Sit on Court of Appeal Cease
    C. Visa Cancellation
    D. Analysis and Implications
    VI. Conduct of Hearings
    A. Language
    B. Time
    C. Place
    VII. Conclusion

    4. The Significance of Nationality
    I. Introduction
    II. Nationality, Citizenship and Foreignness
    III. Knowledge
    IV. Membership
    V. Identity
    VI. Conclusion

    5. Constitutional Adjudication
    I. Introduction
    II. Two Dimensions of Knowledge
    III. Transnational Knowledge Reach
    A. Shared Sources of Law
    B. Legal Borrowing
    IV. Local Knowledge Gaps
    A. Custom
    B. Constitutional Interpretation
    V. The Role of Local Judges in Bridging the National and Transnational
    VI. Conclusion

    6. Judicial Impartiality and Independence
    I. Introduction
    II. Assessing Judicial Impartiality and Independence
    A. Components
    B. Purpose
    C. Standards
    III. Impartiality
    IV. Independence
    A. Short Renewable Appointments
    B. Arbitrary Removal
    V. Conclusion

    7. Representation
    I. Introduction
    II. How are Judges and Judiciaries Representative?
    III. Formal Representation: Authorisation and Accountability
    A. Selection and Appointment
    B. Oath of Office and Allegiance
    C. Accepting and Resigning Judicial Office
    D. Accountability
    IV. 'Acting for' Representation: What Guides Foreign Judges' Decisions?
    V. Descriptive Representation: Foreign Judges and a Reflective Judiciary
    A. Public Confidence
    B. External Audiences and the Sovereignty Paradox
    C. Internal Audiences and Legal Pluralism
    D. Accounting for Public Confidence in Foreign Judges
    VI. Conclusion

    8. A Transnational Profession and Practice
    I. Introduction
    II. Rationale
    A. Transition
    B. Capacity Building
    C. Reputation
    D. Impartiality
    E. The Means and the Ends of Foreign Judging
    III. Legitimacy
    A. The Service Conception of Authority
    B. Democratic Legitimacy
    C. Tethering the Legitimacy of the Foreign Judge
    IV. Good Practice Initiatives
    A. Localisation
    B. Regionalisation
    C. Stability
    D. Judicial Independence
    E. Exchange of Knowledge
    V. Global Significance
    A. Globalisation
    B. Internationalisation
    C. Comparative Insights

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