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  • Code Copying: The Strength of Languages in Take-over and Carry-over Roles

    Code Copying by Johanson, Lars;

    The Strength of Languages in Take-over and Carry-over Roles

    Series: Brill's Studies in Language, Cognition and Culture; 38;

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    Product details:

    • Publisher BRILL
    • Date of Publication 6 July 2023

    • ISBN 9789004548435
    • Binding Hardback
    • No. of pages150 pages
    • Size 235x155 mm
    • Weight 1 g
    • Language English
    • 0

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    Short description:

    This book presents Lars Johanson?s Code-Copying Model, an integrated framework for the description of contact-induced processes. The model covers all the main contact linguistic issues in their synchronic and diachronic interrelationship. The terminology is kept intuitive and simple to apply.

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    Long description:

    This book presents Lars Johanson?s Code-Copying Model, an integrated framework for the description of contact-induced processes. The model covers all the main contact linguistic issues in their synchronic and diachronic interrelationship. The terminology is kept intuitive and simple to apply. Illustrative examples from a wide range of languages demonstrate the model?s applicability to both spoken and written codes. The fundamental difference between ?take-over? copying and ?carry-over? copying is given special value. Speakers can take over copies from a secondary code into their own primary code, or alternatively carry over copies from their own primary code into their variety of a secondary code. The results of these two types of copying are significantly different and thus provide insights into historical processes.

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    Table of Contents:

    Preface

    Acknowledgements

    List of Figures and Examples

    Abbreviations

    Notations

    Transcription



    1 The Code
    -Copying Model


     1 Introduction

     2 Basic Code and Model Code

     3 Take
    -over and Carry
    -over Copying

     4 Code Switching and Code Mixing

     5 Global and Selective Copying

     6 The Contact Globe

     7 The Order of Influence

     8 Copying Is a Creative Act

     9 Attractiveness

     10 Contact Processes

     11 Extremely High Levels of Copying

     12 Historical Stratification

     13 Distinguishing Carry
    -over and Take
    -over Copying

     14 Example of Carry
    -over Copying: Linguistic Convergence in the Volga Area



    2 Global Copies



    3 Selective Copies

     1 Selective Copying of Material/Phonological Features

     2 Selective Copying of Semantic Features

     3 Selective Copying of Combinational Features

     4 Semantic
    -Combinational Copies

     5 Selective Copying of Frequential Patterns

     6 Mixed Copies

     7 Distributional Classes

     8 Degree of Complexity

     9 Accommodation of Copies



    4 Code
    -Copying and Grammaticalization


     1 Isomorphism

     2 Combined Scheme

     3 Aikhenvald&&&x2019;s &&&x2018;Grammatical Accommodation&&&x2019; as a Case of Selective Copying

     4 Diachronic Processes Are Not Copiable

     5 Lexical and Grammatical Targets of Copying

     6 Awareness of Sources

     7 Use after Copying

     8 &&&x2018;Inherited Grammaticalization&&&x2019;

     9 Conceivable Carry
    -over
    -Copying of Evidentials



    5 Remodeling Languages

     1 Code
    -Internal Development

     2 Remodeling the Basic
    -Code Frame

     3 Convergence and Divergence

     4 Converging through Selective Copying

     5 Momentary, Habitualized, and Conventionalized Copies



    6 Turkic Family
    -External Contacts




    7 Code
    -Copying in Some Large Languages of the World


     1 English

     2 Chinese

     3 Arabic

     4 Russian



    8 Stability



    9 High
    -Copying Codes


     1 Examples of High
    -Copying Languages

     2 Attitudes towards High
    -Copying Varieties



    10 Cognates and Copies

     1 Distinctions between Cognates and Copies

     2 Motivations for Copying Bound Morphemes

     3 Cognates and Copies in Altaic Verb Derivation

     4 Copies

     5 Evidence

     6 Arguments from Silence

     7 Copies and Copiability

     8 Superstable Morphology?

     9 Typological Arguments



    11 Types of Copying in Written Languages

     1 Types 1 and 2: Take
    -over and Carry
    -over Copying

     2 Subtypes of Type 1 Take
    -over Copying

     3 Type 2: Carry
    -over Copying

     4 Type 3: Alternate Use of the Codes

     5 A Lower
    -Ranking Code Explicates Texts in Higher
    -Ranking Code

     6 Type 5: Higher Ranking Code as Graphic Representation of the Lower Ranking Code

     7 Examples of Type 1 Take
    -over Copying

     8 Examples of Type 2: Carry
    -over Copying

     9 Examples of Type 3: Alternate Use of the Codes

     10 Examples of Type 4: Lower
    -Ranking Code Explicates Higher
    -Ranking Code

     11 Examples of Type 5: Higher
    -Ranking Code Represents Lower
    -Ranking Code

     12 A Passive
    -Active Scale



    References

    Index

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