Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics
Decision-Making, Principles, and Cases
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A termék adatai:
- Kiadás sorszáma 1
- Kiadó OUP USA
- Megjelenés dátuma 2009. március 19.
- ISBN 9780195309720
- Kötéstípus Puhakötés
- Terjedelem480 oldal
- Méret 234x156x25 mm
- Súly 674 g
- Nyelv angol
- Illusztrációk 4 black and white half tone illustrations 0
Kategóriák
Rövid leírás:
Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics is a comprehensive and engaging introduction to the ethical dilemmas that health professionals and patients face in health care. Providing a framework in Parts I and II which students can use to examine real-world ethical issues, the text features, in Part III, a rich variety of case studies drawn from real events in major topical areas, such as abortion, genetics and gene therapy, mental health, organ transplants, health
insurance, and death.
Hosszú leírás:
We are living in an unprecedented era of biomedical revolution. Medicine is remaking humans, and controversy surrounds such topics as abortion, artificial organs, brain circuitry, eugenics, euthanasia, and gene therapy. At the same time, medical advances are posing complex ethical problems for both patients and professionals.
The most comprehensive and up-to-date collection of its kind, Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics: Decision-Making, Principles, and Cases explores fundamental ethical questions arising from real situations faced by health professionals, patients, and others. Featuring a wide range of more than 100 case studies drawn from current events, court cases, and physicians' experiences, the book is divided into three parts. Part I presents a basic framework for ethical decision-making in
healthcare, covering such issues as separating evaluative questions from questions of fact; distinguishing between ethical and nonethical evaluations; and identifying the source of ethical judgments. Expanding upon this framework, Part II explains the ethical principles: beneficence and nonmaleficence, justice,
respect for autonomy, veracity, fidelity, and avoidance of killing. Parts I and II provide students with the background to analyze the ethical dilemmas presented in Part III, which features cases on a broad spectrum of issues including abortion, genetics, mental health, confidentiality, health insurance, experimentation on humans, the right to refuse treatment, and death and dying. Each case is accompanied by the authors' commentary, which guides students in considering the issues.
Ideal for undergraduate and graduate courses in biomedical ethics, bioethics, and medical ethics, Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics incorporates opening text boxes in each chapter that cross-reference relevant cases in other chapters. It also includes an appendix of important ethical codes and a glossary of key terms.
Case Studies in Biomedical Ethics is by far the most comprehensive and engaging text I have yet encountered in the field. It includes a far-ranging array of cases in bioethics for use in the classroom presented in terms of a compelling account of the basic principles and issues of contemporary health care ethics. . . . I believe that it will set the new standard in the field.
Tartalomjegyzék:
Introduction: Four Questions of Ethics
What Are the Source, Meaning, and Justification of Ethical Claims?
1. Distinguish between Evaluative Statements and Statements Presenting Nonevaluative Facts
2. Distinguish between Ethical and Nonethical Evaluations
3. Determine Who Ought to Decide
What Kinds of Acts Are Right?
How Do Rules Apply to Specific Situations?
What Ought to Be Done in Specific Cases?
PART I: ETHICS AND VALUES IN MEDICAL CASES
Chapter 1: A Model for Ethical Problem Solving
The Five-Step Model
Application of the Model
1. Respond to the Sense That Something Is Wrong
2. Gather Information
3. Identify the Ethical Problem/Moral Diagnosis
4. Seek a Resolution
5. Work with Others to Choose a Course of Action
Chapter 2: Values in Health and Illness
Identifying Value Judgments in Medicine
Separating Ethical and Other Evaluations
Chapter 3: What Is the Source of Moral Judgments?
Grounding Ethics in the Professional Code
Grounding Ethics in the Physician's Orders
Grounding Ethics in Institutional Policy
Grounding Ethics in the Patient's Values
Grounding Ethics in Religious or Philosophical Perspectives
PART II: ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN MEDICAL ETHICS
Chapter 4: Benefiting the Patient and Others: The Duty to Do Good and Avoid Harm
Benefiting the Patient
Benefiting Society and Individuals Who Are Not Patients
Benefit to the Profession
Benefit to the Health Professional and the Health Professional's Family
Chapter 5: Justice: The Allocation of Health Resources
Justice among Patients
Justice between Patients and Others
Justice in Public Policy
Justice and Other Ethical Principles
Chapter 6: Autonomy
Determining Whether a Patient Is Autonomous
External Constraints on Autonomy
Overriding the Choices of Autonomous Persons
Chapter 7: Veracity: Honesty with Patients
The Condition of Doubt
Lying in order to Benefit
Special Cases of Truth-Telling
The Right of Access to Medical Records
Chapter 8: Fidelity: Promise-Keeping, Loyalty to Patients, and Impaired Professionals
The Ethics of Promises: Explicit and Implicit
Fidelity and Conflicts of Interest
Incompetent and Dishonest Colleagues
Chapter 9: Avoidance of Killing
Active Killing versus Letting Die
Withholding versus Withdrawing Treatment
Direct versus Indirect Killing
Justifiable Omissions: The Problem of Nutrition and Hydration
Voluntary and Involuntary Killing
Killing as Punishment
PART III: SPECIAL PROBLEM AREAS
Chapter 10: Abortion, Sterilization, and Contraception
Abortion
Sterilization
Contraception
Chapter 11: Genetics, Birth, and the Biological Revolution
Genetic Counseling
Genetic Screening
In Vitro Fertilization and Surrogate Motherhood
Preimplantation Diagnosis
Gene Therapy
Chapter 12: Mental Health and Behavior Control
The Concept of Mental Health
Mental Illness and Autonomous Behavior
Mental Illness and Third-Party Interests
Other Behavior-Controlling Therapies
Chapter 13: Confidentiality: Ethical Disclosure of Medical Information
Breaking Confidence to Benefit the Patient
Breaking Confidence to Benefit Others
Breaking Confidence as Required by Law
Conflict between Confidentiality and Other Duties
Chapter 14: Organ Transplants
Procuring Organs
Allocating Organs
Chapter 15: Health Insurance, Health System Planning, and Rationing
The Problem of Small, Incremental Benefits
Limits on Unproved Therapies
Marginally Beneficial, Expensive Therapy
Valued Care that Is Not Costworthy
Funding Care that Patients Have Refused
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers versus Insurers
Insurance and the Uninsured
Chapter 16: Experimentation on Human Subjects
Calculating Risks and Benefits
Privacy and Confidentiality
Equity in Research
Conflicts of Interest in Research
Informed Consent in Research
Chapter 17: Consent and the Right to Refuse Treatment
The Elements of a Consent
The Standards for Consent
Comprehension and Voluntariness
Chapter 18: Death and Dying
The Definition of Death
Competent and Formerly Competent Patients
Never Competent Patients
Futile Care and Limits Based on the Interests of Others
Appendix: Codes of Ethics
The Hippocratic Oath
World Medical Association, Declaration of Geneva
The American Medical Association, Principles of Medical Ethics
Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights
