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    The Power of Critical Thinking: Effective Reasoning about Ordinary and Extraordinary Claims

    The Power of Critical Thinking by Vaughn, Lewis;

    Effective Reasoning about Ordinary and Extraordinary Claims

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    Product details:

    • Edition number 2
    • Publisher Oxford University Press
    • Date of Publication 6 December 2007

    • ISBN 9780195320411
    • Binding Paperback
    • No. of pages560 pages
    • Size 255x203x19 mm
    • Weight 981 g
    • Language English
    • Illustrations 99 illustrations
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    Short description:

    This is the second edition of this successful critical thinking text. It includes all of the core topics covered in the course, such as critical reasoning, argumentation, logic, and argumentative essay writing, but also introduces topics such as inference to best explanation and scientific reasoning. The new edition also includes material on evaluating evidence and credibility, evaluating the media/advertising, and intelligent design. The art program has been expanded from 25 to 60
    photographs, and the book will now be in full colour.

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    Long description:

    Enhanced by many innovative exercises, examples, and pedagogical features, The Power of Critical Thinking: Effective Reasoning About Ordinary and Extraordinary Claims, Second Edition, explores the essentials of critical reasoning, argumentation, logic, and argumentative essay writing while also incorporating material on important topics that most other texts leave out. Author Lewis Vaughn offers comprehensive treatments of core topics, including an introduction to claims
    and arguments, discussions of propositional and categorical logic, and full coverage of the basics of inductive reasoning. Building on this solid foundation, he also delves into areas neglected by other texts, adding extensive material on "inference to the best explanation" and on scientific reasoning; a
    thorough look at the evaluation of evidence and credibility; and a chapter on the psychological and social factors that can impede critical thinking. Additional notable elements are a chapter on moral reasoning, advice on how to evaluate Internet sources, and guidelines for evaluating occult, paranormal, or supernatural claims.
    The Power of Critical Thinking, Second Edition, integrates many pedagogical features including hundreds of diverse exercises, examples, and illustrations; progressive, stand-alone writing modules; numerous text boxes; step-by-step guidelines for evaluating claims, arguments, and explanations; a glossary of important terms; and many reminders, summaries, and review notes throughout. The text is supplemented by a
    companion website at www.oup.com/us/criticalthinking (offering a student study guide and more), and an Instructor's Manual with Test Questions (available both in print and on a CD).
    This unique text features a modular structure that allows instructors to teach the chapters in almost any order. Written in a student-friendly style and enhanced by humor where appropriate, it is ideal for courses in critical thinking, introduction to logic, informal logic, argumentative writing, and introduction to argumentation.

    New to the Second Edition

    * Full-color throughout and an expanded art program (37 more photos and illustrations)
    * A new writing module--an annotated sample student paper--and five additional essays for analysis
    * A new section on evaluating news reports and advertising
    * Timely discussions of intelligent design and population (nonintervention) studies
    * Expanded coverage of experts and authors and reasons to doubt their reliability
    * More "Field Problems" and exercise questions
    * Chapter objectives and key terms with definitions for each chapter

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    Table of Contents:

    Preface
    1. BASICS
    1. The Power of Critical Thinking
    Why It Matters
    How It Works
    Summary
    Exercises
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Critical Thinking and Writing: Module 1
    Writing Assignments
    2. The "Environment" of Critical Thinking
    Perils of a Haunted Mind
    Perils of a Haunted Worldview
    Summary
    Exercises
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Critical Thinking and Writing: Module 2
    Writing Assignments
    3. Making Sense of Arguments
    Argument Basics
    Judging Arguments
    Finding Missing Parts
    Argument Patterns
    Diagramming Arguments
    Assessing Long Arguments
    Summary
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Critical Thinking and Writing: Module 3
    Writing Assignments
    2. REASONS
    4. Reasons for Belief and Doubt
    When Claims Conflict
    Experts and Evidence
    Personal Experience
    Fooling Ourselves
    Claims in the News
    Advertising and Persuasion
    Summary
    Exercises
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Critical Thinking and Writing: Module 4
    Writing Assignments
    5. Faulty Reasoning
    Irrelevant Premises
    Unacceptable Premises
    Summary
    Exercises
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Critical Thinking and Writing: Module 5
    Writing Assignments
    3. ARGUMENTS
    6. Deductive Reasoning: Propositional Logic
    Connectives and Truth Values
    Checking for Validity
    Summary
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Writing Assignments
    7. Deductive Reasoning: Categorical Logic
    Statements and Classes
    Translations and Standard Form
    Diagramming Categorical Statements
    Sizing Up Categorical Syllogisms
    Summary
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Writing Assignments
    8. Inductive Reasoning
    Enumerative Induction
    Analogical Induction
    Causal Arguments
    Summary
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Writing Assignments
    4. EXPLANATIONS
    9. Inference to the Best Explanation
    Explanations and Inference
    Theories and Consistency
    Theories and Criteria
    Telling Good Theories from Bad
    Summary
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Writing Assignments
    10. Judging Scientific Theories
    Science and Not Science
    The Scientific Method
    Testing Scientific Theories
    Judging Scientific Theories
    Science and Weird Theories
    Making Weird Mistakes
    Judging Weird Theories
    Summary
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Writing Assignments
    11. Judging Moral Arguments and Theories
    Moral Arguments
    Moral Theories
    A Coherent Worldview
    Summary
    Exercises
    Field Problems
    Self-Assessment Quiz
    Integrative Exercises
    Writing Assignments
    Appendix A: Essays for Evaluation
    1. "Death Penalty Discriminates Against Black Crime Victims"
    2. "Marine Parks"
    3. "The Wrong Ruling on Vouchers"
    4. "The Kalam Cosmological Argument"
    5. "More Innocents Die When We Don't Have Capital Punishment"
    6. "Misleading the Patient for Fun and Profit"
    7. "Tight Limits on Stem Cells Betray Research Potential"
    8. "The Cohabitation Epidemic"
    9. "The Demon-Haunted Sentence: A Skeptical Analysis of Reverse Speech"
    10. "Amityville: The Horror of It All"
    11. "A Deviance from God's Norm"
    12. "Marriage Still Evolving, as Ever"
    13. "Slouching Toward Chimeras"
    14. "The Right to Ridicule"
    15. "Time to Think"
    Appendix B: Answers to Exercises
    Notes
    Glossary
    Credits
    Index

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