Stereotype Threat
Theory, Process, and Application
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP USA
- Date of Publication 22 December 2011
- ISBN 9780199732449
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages336 pages
- Size 163x236x35 mm
- Weight 567 g
- Language English 0
Categories
Short description:
Why do various racial, ethnic, religious, and gender groups differ in academic and job performance? Standard explanations for these disparities typically invoke either biological or socialization perspectives. Some argue that women and minorities are genetically endowed with inferior abilities, while others argue that members of these demographic groups are products of environments that frustrate the development of the skills needed for success. The research summarized in this book, however, suggests that subtle reminders of cultural stereotypes play a critical yet underappreciated role in interfering with intellectual performance and in creating an illusion of group differences in ability.
MoreLong description:
The 21st century has brought with it unparalleled levels of diversity in the classroom and the workforce. It is now common to see in elementary school, high school, and university classrooms, not to mention boardrooms and factory floors, a mixture of ethnicities, races, genders, and religious affiliations. But these changes in academic and economic opportunities have not directly translated into an elimination of group disparities in academic performance, career opportunities, and levels of advancement. Standard explanations for these disparities, which are vehemently debated in the scientific community and popular press, range from the view that women and minorities are genetically endowed with inferior abilities to the view that members of these demographic groups are products of environments that frustrate the development of the skills needed for success. Although these explanations differ along a continuum of nature vs. nurture, they share in common a presumption that a large chunk of our population lacks the potential to achieve academic and career success.
In contrast to intractable factors like biology or upbringing, the research summarized in this book suggests that factors in one's immediate situation play a critical yet underappreciated role in temporarily suppressing the intellectual performance of women and minorities, creating an illusion of group differences in ability. Research conducted over the course of the last fifteen years suggests the mere existence of cultural stereotypes that assert the intellectual inferiority of these groups creates a threatening intellectual environment for stigmatized individuals - a climate where anything they say or do is interpreted through the lens of low expectations. This stereotype threat can ultimately interfere with intellectual functioning and academic engagement, setting the stage for later differences in educational attainment, career choice, and job advancement.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Michael Inzlicht and Toni Schmader
Chapter 2 - The Role of Situational Cues in Signaling and Maintaining Stereotype Threat
Mary C. Murphy and Valerie Jones Taylor
Chapter 3 - An Integration of Processes that Underlie Stereotype Threat
Toni Schmader and Sian Beilock
Chapter 4 - Embodied Stereotype Threat: Exploring brain and body mechanisms underlying performance impairments
Wendy Berry Mendes and Jeremy Jamieson
Chapter 5 - Types of threats: From stereotype threat to stereotype threats
Jenessa R. Shapiro
Chapter 6 - Do I Belong? How Negative Intellectual Stereotypes Undermine People's Sense of Social Belonging in School and How to Fix It
Gregory M. Walton and Priyanka B. Carr
Chapter 7 - Stereotype Threat Spillover: The short-term and long-term effects of coping with threats to social identity
Michael Inzlicht, Alexa M. Tullett, and Jennifer N. Gutsell
Chapter 8 - Differentiating Theories: A comparison of stereotype threat and stereotype priming effects
David M. Marx and Diederik A. Stapel
Chapter 9 - Stereotype Boost: Positive Outcomes from the Activation of Positive Stereotypes
Margaret J. Shih, Todd L. Pittinsky, and Geoffrey C. Ho
Chapter 10 - Threatening Gender and Race: Different manifestations of stereotype threat
Christine Logel, Jennifer Peach, and Steven J. Spencer
Chapter 11 - Stereotype Threat in Organizations: An examination of its scope, triggers, and possible interventions
Laura J. Kray and Aiwa Shirako
Chapter 12 - Social Class and Test Performance: From stereotype threat to symbolic violence
Jean-Claude Croizet and Mathias Millet
Chapter 13 - Aging and Stereotype Threat: Development, process, and interventions
Alison L. Chasteen, Sonia K. Kang, and Jessica D. Remedios
Chapter 14 - The Impact of Stereotype Threat on Performance in Sports
Jeff Stone, Aina Chalabaev, and C. Keith Harrison
Chapter 15 - Stereotype Threat in Interracial Interactions
Jennifer A. Richeson and J. Nicole Shelton
Chapter 16 - Concerns About Generalizing Stereotype Threat Research Findings to Operational High Stakes Testing
Paul R. Sackett and Ann Marie Ryan
Chapter 17 - Stereotype Threat in the Real World
Joshua Aronson and Thomas Dee
Chapter 18 - An Identity Threat Perspective on Intervention
Geoffrey L. Cohen, Valerie Purdie-Vaughns, and Julio Garcia
Chapter 19 - Extending and Applying Stereotype Threat Research: A brief essay
Claude M. Steele
