Social Provision in Low-Income Countries
New Patterns and Emerging Trends
Series: WIDER Studies in Development Economics;
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP Oxford
- Date of Publication 26 April 2001
- ISBN 9780199242191
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages320 pages
- Size 243x163x22 mm
- Weight 599 g
- Language English
- Illustrations 9 figures 0
Categories
Short description:
The papers gathered together in this collection show that neither the market nor the state alone offers solutions to efficiency and equity problems commonly encountered in social sectors in poor nations. Innovative ways to address these important problems are explored, favouring an integrative approach to social provision. This approach involves the efforts of many providers, and avoids the inefficiencies of public supply and the social exclusion of the market mechanism.
MoreLong description:
During recent years, provision of key social services in low-income countries has been affected by adverse macroeconomic conditions and by radical changes in economic thinking. For example, the welfarist approach, which gives prominence to the state in delivering and financing social services, has been challenged by the neoliberal approach, which limits the role of the government to that of residual provider for the very poor. According to the neoliberal approach, the private sector could, by relying on price mechanisms, achieve more efficient provision. However, this approach relies on a rather narrow definition of efficiency which ignores social externalities in the delivery and use of services.
"Social Provision in Low-Income Countries" analyses the merits and limitations of both welfarist and neoliberal approaches to the provision of key social services in terms of the outcomes and sustainability of the two approaches. The volume proposes an alternative model of social provision, characterized by multiplicity in service delivery and financing.
The new model, in which households, civil society, and government play important roles, avoids the inefficiencies of state provision and the exclusion and fragmentation of market-based systems. The authors argue for an integrative approach which encourages the equity and efficiency gained from a synergistic relationship between various service providers. They further argue that the well-known market and government failures in social provision are due to undesirable extremes in policy design, rather than to inherent characteristics of market or government institutions.
The strengths of this new approach are illustrated with case studies from Chile, China, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. The volume also describes how social services in Finland were organized in the early stages, and draws policy lessons for present day developing countries.
... an extraordinarily rich and scholarly contribution with a strong policy flavour.
Table of Contents:
Introduction: Context and Scope
I. Theoretical Background
The Process of Economic Change
Alternative Approaches to Welfare Policy Analysis: New Institutional Economics, Politics, and Political Economy
Provision of Social Services: Civil Economy, Cultural Evolution, and Participatory Development
II. Patterns of Social Provision
The Role of Civic Organizations in the Provision of Social Services: Towards Synergy
Strategies of Social Provision: Key Design Issues
Contexts of Caretaking: Privatism, Diversity, and Households in Social Provision
The Role of State in the Provision of Social Services: Decentralization and Regulation
III. Financial Issues
User Fees, Expenditure Restructuring, and Voucher Systems in Education
User Charges for Health Care: A Review of the Underlying Theory
IV. Case Studies
Provision of Social Services in Chile: A Search for a New Model
Cost Recovery and Equity in the Health Sector: The Experience of Zimbabwe
Village-based Provision of Key Social Services: The Case of Tanzania
Market-based Reforms and Changes in China's Health Care System
Social Provision in Finland: A Historical Perspective
