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  • Scholar, Serpent, Yogin, and Devotee: The Many Faces of Patañjali in Indian Traditions

    Scholar, Serpent, Yogin, and Devotee: The Many Faces of Patañjali in Indian Traditions by Bühnemann, Gudrun;

    Series: Brill's Indological Library; 64;

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    Product details:

    • Publisher BRILL
    • Date of Publication 4 September 2025

    • ISBN 9789004736955
    • Binding Hardback
    • No. of pages212 pages
    • Size 235x155 mm
    • Weight 542 g
    • Language English
    • 693

    Categories

    Short description:

    This study illuminates the many faces of Patañjali whom Indian traditions celebrate, in both story and art, as a grammarian, scholar-practitioner of yoga, physician-alchemist, medical authority, teacher, ascetic, and devotee of the Dancing Śiva (Naṭarāja).

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    Long description:

    This study illuminates the many faces of Patañjali in Indian traditions. Often regarded as an incarnation of the cosmic serpent Ādiśeṣa or Anantanāga, Patañjali is celebrated, in both story and art, as a grammarian, scholar and practitioner of yoga, physician-alchemist, medical authority, teacher, ascetic, and devotee of the Dancing Śiva (Naṭarāja).


    The first three chapters examine the literary works attributed to Patañjali, explore legendary accounts and beliefs associated with this multifaceted figure, and survey temples and shrines dedicated to the sage. The following five chapters trace the development of Patañjali’s iconography from its earliest forms in Tamilnadu, South India, to contemporary examples.

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    Table of Contents:

    List of Figures

    A Note on the Transliteration of Sanskrit and Tamil Words



    Introduction



    1 Pata&&&x00F1;jali: Author(s), Works, and Contemporary Relevance

     1.1 Works Ascribed to Authors Named Pata&&&x00F1;jali

     1.2 The &&&x201C;Unified&&&x201D; Pata&&&x00F1;jali

     1.3 On the Contemporary Relevance of the Figure of Pata&&&x00F1;jali



    2 Legendary Accounts of Pata&&&x00F1;jali

     2.1 Introduction

     2.2 Legends in the Tradition of the Na&&&x1E6D;ar&&&x0101;ja Temple in Cidambaram

     2.3 Legends in the Tradition of the M&&&x012B;n&&&x0101;k&&&x1E63;&&&x012B; Sundare&&&x015B;vara Temple in Madurai

     2.4 Legendary Material in R&&&x0101;mabhadra D&&&x012B;k&&&x1E63;ita&&&x2019;s Pata&&&x00F1;jalicarita

     2.5 Legends Principally about Pata&&&x00F1;jali as Grammarian

     2.6 Legends Concerning Pata&&&x00F1;jali&&&x2019;s Foster Parents

     2.7 Legends Explaining the Etymology of the Name Pata&&&x00F1;jali

     2.8 Conclusion



    3 Sites, Shrines, and Temples Associated with Pata&&&x00F1;jali

     3.1 The Grammarian

     3.2 The Philosopher of Yoga

     3.3 The Tamil Siddha and Practitioner of Yoga



    4 The Predominantly Two-Armed Iconography of Pata&&&x00F1;jali in the Tradition of the Na&&&x1E6D;ar&&&x0101;ja Temple in Cidambaram and Beyond

     4.1 Sculptures

     4.2 Paintings

     4.3 Summary and Conclusion



    5 Four-Armed Representations of Pata&&&x00F1;jali in the Tradition of Yoga Authority Tirumalai Krishnamacharya

     5.1 Krishnamacharya and the Iconography of Ananta (&&&x0100;di&&&x015B;e&&&x1E63;a)

     5.2 A Widely Recited Verse in Praise of &&&x0100;di&&&x015B;e&&&x1E63;a/Pata&&&x00F1;jali

     5.3 Visual Representations of the Four-Armed Pata&&&x00F1;jali



    6 Mostly Anonymous Representations of Pata&&&x00F1;jali as a Two-Armed Meditating Sage

     6.1 Engravings in Birl&&&x0101; Temples in North India

     6.2 Representations in Tamil Siddha Traditions and Beyond



    7 Selected Contemporary Paintings of Pata&&&x00F1;jali as a Two-Armed Figure

     7.1 Ajithan Puthumana

     7.2 Norman E. Sjoman

     7.3 Pieter Weltevrede

     7.4 Kalathi Adiyen Aadi Nandhi



    8 Epilogue



    Appendix: Variations in Transcriptions of Tamil Place and Temple Names

    Bibliographical References

    General Index

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