Handbook of Tissue Optical Clearing by Tuchin, Valery V.; Zhu, Dan; Genina, Elina A.;

Short description:

Biomedical photonics is currently one of the fastest growing fields, connecting research in physics, optics, and electrical engineering coupled with medical and biological applications. It allows for the structural and functional analysis of tissues and cells with resolution and contrast unattainable by any other methods.

Long description:

Biomedical photonics is currently one of the fastest growing fields, connecting research in physics, optics, and electrical engineering coupled with medical and biological applications. It allows for the structural and functional analysis of tissues and cells with resolution and contrast unattainable by any other methods.

However, the major challenges of many biophotonics techniques are associated with the need to enhance imaging resolution even further to the sub-cellular level as well as translate them for in vivo studies. The tissue optical clearing method uses immersion of tissues into optical clearing agents (OCAs) that reduces the scattering of tissue and makes tissue more transparent and this method has been successfully used ever since.

This book is a self-contained introduction to tissue optical clearing, including the basic principles and in vitro biological applications, from in vitro to in vivo tissue optical clearing methods, and combination of tissue optical clearing and various optical imaging for diagnosis. The chapters cover a wide range of issues related to the field of tissue optical clearing: mechanisms of tissue optical clearing in vitro and in vivo; traditional and innovative optical clearing agents; recent achievements in optical clearing of different tissues (including pathological tissues) and blood for optical imaging diagnosis and therapy.

This book provides a comprehensive account of the latest research and possibilities of utilising optical clearing as an instrument for improving the diagnostic effectiveness of modern optical diagnostic methods.

The book is addressed to biophysicist researchers,　graduate students　and postdocs　of biomedical specialties, as well as biomedical engineers and physicians interested in the development and application of optical methods in medicine.

• The first collective reference to collate all known knowledge on this topic








• Edited by experts in the field with chapter contributions from subject area specialists








• Brings together the two main approaches in immersion optical clearing into one cohesive book

The book—subtitled “New Prospects in Optical Imaging”—is unique in bringing together a number of diverse tissue optical clearing (TOC) topics, such as 3D imaging and the combination of TOC and optical imaging/spectroscopy for diagnostics, and presenting it all at a level suitable for graduate students in biophysics and engineering. This task is accomplished with an emphasis on both methodology and applications. I found the description of these basic biophotonics techniques particularly detailed and interesting. Although written by more than 100 contributors, the style of the book is generally clear and fluent.

Review by Christian Brosseau, Optica Fellow and professor of physics, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France, June 2022.

Table of Contents:

Preface............................................................................................................................................................................................. ix

Acknowledgments..........................................................................................................................................................................xiii

Editors............................................................................................................................................................................................. xv

Contributors..................................................................................................................................................................................xvii

1. Tissue optical clearing mechanisms...................................................................................................................................... 3

2. Tissue optical clearing for Mueller matrix microscopy.................................................................................................... 31

3. Traditional and innovative optical clearing agents........................................................................................................... 67

4. Chemical enhancers for improving tissue optical clearing efficacy................................................................................. 93

5. Human skin autofluorescence and optical clearing......................................................................................................... 109

6. Molecular modeling of post-diffusion phase of optical clearing of biological tissues.................................................. 127

7. Refractive index measurements of tissue and blood components and OCAs in a wide spectral range......................141

8. Water migration at skin optical clearing...........................................................................................................................167

9. Optical and mechanical properties of cartilage during optical clearing...................................................................... 185

10. Compression optical clearing............................................................................................................................................. 199

11. Optical clearing for multiscale tissues and the quantitative evaluation of clearing methods in mouse organs..............221

12. Ultrafast aqueous clearing methods for 3D imaging....................................................................................................... 239

13. Challenges and opportunities in hydrophilic tissue clearing methods.......................................................................... 257

Etsuo A. Susaki and Hiroki R. Ueda

of entire organs and organisms ......................................................................................................................................... 277

15. Endogenous fluorescence preservation from solvent-based optical clearing................................................................ 297

16. Progress in ex situ tissue optical clearing – shifting immuno-oncology to the third dimension..................................315

17. In vivo skin optical clearing methods for blood flow and cell imaging.......................................................................... 333

18. In vivo skull optical clearing for imaging cortical neuron and vascular structure and function................................351

19. In vivo skin optical clearing in humans............................................................................................................................. 369

20. Optical clearing of blood and tissues using blood components...................................................................................... 383

21. Blood and lymph flow imaging at optical clearing........................................................................................................... 393

22. Optical clearing aided photoacoustic imaging in vivo......................................................................................................411

optical clearing and contrast agents...................................................................................................................................419

24. Tissue optical clearing in the terahertz range.................................................................................................................. 445

of tumor-specific fluorescent signal in vivo....................................................................................................................... 459

and internal structures in teeth using optical coherence tomography and SWIR imaging........................................ 471

27. Optical clearing of adipose tissue...................................................................................................................................... 487

Alla B. Bucharskaya, Galina N. Maslyakova, and Valery V. Tuchin

and molecular diffusivity.....................................................................................................................................................517

vascular structure, and function....................................................................................................................................... 539

30. Light operation on cortex through optical clearing skull window................................................................................. 557

Towards PDT of pigmented melanomas and beyond...................................................................................................... 569

coefficient measurements.................................................................................................................................................... 577

33. Optical clearing for cancer diagnostics and monitoring................................................................................................. 597

with mechanical compression............................................................................................................................................ 607

35. Measurement of the dermal beta-carotene in the context of multimodal optical clearing..........................................619

36. Optical clearing and molecular diffusivity of hard and soft oral tissues...................................................................... 629

37. Optical clearing and Raman spectroscopy: In vivo applications................................................................................... 647

Index............................................................................................................................................................................................. 655