BRS Physiology Cases and Problems by Costanzo, Linda S.;

BRS Physiology Cases and Problems, Second Edition includes 56 case-based problems and questions that encourage medical students to integrate, problem solve, and think critically. Organized by body system, each chapter provides case studies, questions, and problems followed by complete explanations and solutions including diagrams, graphs, and charts. The book contains most relevant medical physiology and pathophysiology information, and integrates complex information across organ systems. It is helpful for traditional course material and a valuable tool for a clinical vignette review in preparation for the USMLE Step 1 exam. This revised and updated edition includes new cases and more illustrations.

BRS Physiology Cases and Problems, Second Edition includes 56 case-based problems and questions that encourage medical students to integrate, problem solve, and think critically. Organized by body system, each chapter provides case studies, questions, and problems followed by complete explanations and solutions including diagrams, graphs, and charts. The book contains most relevant medical physiology and pathophysiology information, and integrates complex information across organ systems. It is helpful for traditional course material and a valuable tool for a clinical vignette review in preparation for the USMLE Step 1 exam. This revised and updated edition includes new cases and more illustrations.

1. Cellular and Autonomic Physiology 1
   
   
   • Case 1 Permeability and Simple Diffusion 2
   • Case 2 Osmolarity, Osmotic Pressure, and Osmosis 6
   • Case 3 Nernst Equation and Equilibrium Potentials 13
   • Case 4 Primary Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis 19
   • Case 5 Epidural Anesthesia: Effect of Lidocaine on Nerve Action Potentials 24
   • Case 6 Multiple Sclerosis: Myelin and Conduction Velocity 28
   • Case 7 Myasthenia Gravis: Neuromuscular Transmission 32
   • Case 8 Pheochromocytoma: Effects of Catecholamines 36
   • Case 9 Shy-Drager Syndrome: Central Autonomic Failure 42

2. Cardiovascular Physiology 47
   
   
   • Case 10 Essential Cardiovascular Calculations 48
   • Case 11 Ventricular Pressure—Volume Loops 57
   • Case 12 Responses to Changes in Posture 64
   • Case 13 Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise 69
   • Case 14 Renovascular Hypertension: The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 76
   • Case 15 Hypovolemic Shock: Regulation of Blood Pressure 81
   • Case 16 Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: Right Ventricular Failure 88
   • Case 17 Myocardial Infarction: Left Ventricular Failure 93
   • Case 18 Aortic Stenosis 99
   • Case 19 Atrioventricular Conduction Block 103

3. Respiratory Physiology 107
   
   
   • Case 20 Essential Respiratory Calculations: Lung Volumes, Dead Space, and Alveolar Ventilation 108
   • Case 21 Essential Respiratory Calculations: Gases and Gas Exchange 114
   • Case 22 Ascent to High Altitude 120
   • Case 23 Asthma: Obstructive Lung Disease 126
   • Case 24 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 136
   • Case 25 Interstitial Fibrosis: Restrictive Lung Disease 142
   • Case 26 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning 148
   • Case 27 Pneumothorax 153

4. Renal and Acid—Base Physiology 157
   
   
   • Case 28 Essential Calculations in Renal Physiology 158
   • Case 29 Essential Calculations in Acid—Base Physiology 165
   • Case 30 Glucosuria: Diabetes Mellitus 172
   • Case 31 Hyperaldosteronism: Conn's Syndrome 177
   • Case 32 Central Diabetes Insipidus 186
   • Case 33 Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone 194
   • Case 34 Metabolic Acidosis: Diabetic Ketoacidosis 198
   • Case 35 Metabolic Acidosis: Diarrhea 205
   • Case 36 Metabolic Acidosis: Methanol Poisoning 209
   • Case 37 Metabolic Alkalosis: Vomiting 213
   • Case 38 Respiratory Acidosis: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 220
   • Case 39 Respiratory Alkalosis: Hysterical Hyperventilation 224

5. Gastrointestinal Physiology 229
   
   
   • Case 40 Malabsorption of Carbohydrates: Lactose Intolerance 230
   • Case 41 Peptic Ulcer Disease: Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome 235
   • Case 42 Peptic Ulcer Disease: Helicobacter pylori Infection 243
   • Case 43 Secretory Diarrhea: Escherichia coli Infection 247
   • Case 44 Bile Acid Deficiency: Ileal Resection 251

6. Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology 257
   
   
   • Case 45 Galactorrhea and Amenorrhea: Prolactinoma 258
   • Case 46 Hyperthyroidism: Graves' Disease 262
   • Case 47 Hypothyroidism: Autoimmune Thyroiditis 269
   • Case 48 Adrenocortical Excess: Cushing's Syndrome 273
   • Case 49 Adrenocortical Insufficiency: Addison's Disease 280
   • Case 50 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency 285
   • Case 51 Primary Hyperparathyroidism 288
   • Case 52 Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy 292
   • Case 53 Hyperglycemia: Type I Diabetes Mellitus 296
   • Case 54 Primary Amenorrhea: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome 301
   • Case 55 Male Hypogonadism: Kallmann's Syndrome 305
   • Case 56 Male Pseudohermaphroditism: 5-Reductase Deficiency 308
   Appendix 313
   Index 315