The Global Handbook of Media Accountability

Part 1 Introduction  1 Media Accountability: A Global Perspective  Part 2 Anglo-Saxon Countries  2 Overview: Anglo-Saxon Countries  3 The United Kingdom: Consolidation and Fragmentation  4 The United States of America: The Triumph of Autonomy over Accountability  5 Canada: Fragile Consolidation Efforts in Media Accountability  6 Australia and New Zealand: A Resurgence of Public Interest in Media Performance  Part 3 Western Europe  7 Overview: Western Europe  8 Sweden: Old Wine in New Bottles  9 Germany: Beyond the Beacon  10 Spain: An Expanding Accountability Landscape with Major Challenges to Overcome  11 Italy: Overregulation, Media Concentration, Political Transparency, and Economic Crisis  Part 4 Central and Eastern Europe and the Post-Soviet Space  12 Overview: Central and Eastern Europe and the Post-Soviet Space  13 Poland: Polarized Model of Media Accountability  14 Hungary: Growing Concentration, Intensifying Control  15 Estonia: From Analog to Digital ? One Step Upward but Two Steps Back?  16 Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Authority, the Media, and the Public in Correlating Multiple Negative Influences  17 Ukraine: Lack of Self-Regulation in an Oligarch-Driven Media Landscape  18 Russia: Media Accountability in a Polarized Society  19 Kyrgyzstan: Accountability in a Constrained Media Environment  Part 5 Turkey, Israel, the Mena Region, and Iran  20 Overview: Turkey, Israel, the MENA Region, and Iran  21 Turkey: Crackdowns against Journalists are Paralyzing Media Accountability  22 Israel: The Importance of Alternative Media as a Media Accountability Instrument  23 Morocco: Accountability at a Nascent Stage  24 Tunisia: The Urgent Need for Media Accountability  25 Egypt: No Horizons for Independent Media Accountability?  26 Jordan: (Still) Co-Opted and Contained  27 Iraq: Citizens Finally Taking Media into Account  28 Iran: Centralized Control and Tattered Accountability  Part 6 Sub-Saharan Africa  29 Overview: Sub-Saharan Africa  30 Kenya: An Exploration of Media Regulation and Accountability  31 Nigeria: Democratic Press, Authoritarian Government ? 32 Ghana: The Double-Bind of Media Freedom  33 South Africa: Media Accountability in a Young Democracy  34 Namibia: Fit for Purpose? A Critical Assessment of the Performance of the Media Ombudsperson System  35 Uganda: The Arduous Quest for Media Accountability  36 Zimbabwe: Media Accountability in an Authoritarian Context  Part 7 Asia  37 Overview: Asia  38 India: Strong State and Weak Media Accountability  39 Pakistan: Corporatization and Weak Ethics  40 Myanmar: Potential Diversity, Unfulfilled Hopes  41 Japan: Corporate Accountability First  42 China: Little Prospect of Enhanced Media Accountability  43 Hong Kong: Media in Political Turmoil  44 Indonesia: A Press Council with Exceptional Powers  Part 8 Latin America  45 Overview: Latin America  46 Argentina: Advances and Setbacks in the Democratization of Communication  47 Brazil: Media Accountability Instruments, Journalists, and Media Ownership  48 Chile: Double System of Self-Regulation and a few Union Organizations  49 Mexico: Searching for a More Independent and Democratic Media System  50 Colombia: Media Observatories and Ombudspersons as Places of Reflection  51 Costa Rica: Media Responsibility as a Pending Issue  Part 9 Conclusions  52 Summary of Country Chapters  53 A Comparative Analysis of Media Accountability across the Globe: Models, Frameworks, Perspectives