Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models

Preface

About the Authors

Chapter 01 ? Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Introduction
Short History of Artificial Intelligence
  What Is Brain Turing Test?
The Objectives of AI
  Problem Solving
  Reasoning
  Learning
  Achieving General Intelligence
  Planning
  Deeper Insight into Data
Types of Artificial Intelligence
Types of AI Based on Functionalities
  Reactive Machines
  Limited Memory
  Theory of Mind
  Self-Aware
Types of AI Based on Capability
  Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
  Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
  Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)
What Is the Structure of an Artificial Intelligence System?
  Environment
  Agent
  Sensor
  Affecters
  Actuator
Different Fields of Artificial Intelligence
  Cognitive Computing (CC)
  Machine Learning (ML)
  Deep Learning (DL)
  Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
  Computer Vision (CV)
  Natural Language Processing (NLP)
  Expert Systems (ES)
  Reinforcement Learning (RL)
  Robotics
What Is Logic Used in Artificial Intelligence and Its Types?
  Deductive logic
  Inductive logic
Other Main Types of Logic in AI
  Propositional Logic
  First-Order Logic
  Second-Order Logic
  Third-Order Logic
  Higher-Order Logic
  Modal Logic
  Applications of Logic in AI
Artificial Intelligence Approaches
  Symbolic Approach
  Connectionist Approach

Chapter 02 ? Introduction to ChatGPT

Introduction
Generative Modeling
Generative Artificial Intelligence Models
Types of Generative Artificial Intelligence Models
  Probabilistic Generative Models
  Adversarial Generative Models
  Normalizing Flow-Based Models
Introduction to Most Popular Generative Models
Problem Solving Scope of ChatGPT
History of Generative Models
A Glimpse of ChatGPT Statistics
OpenAI Conversational Model
Transfer Learning Model Used in ChatGPT
  Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)
  Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO)
Introduction to Large Language Model (LLM)
Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)
Cloud Computing and ChatGPT
Application Programming Applications (APIs)
Transformer Library
Python Programming Language for ChatGPT
Neural Network Technology in ChatGPT
Deep Learning Technology in ChatGPT
Natural Language Processing (NLP) in ChatGPT
How to Use ChatGPT Bot?
  Salient Features of ChatGPT
  Limitations of ChatGPT
  Top Services of ChatGPT

Chapter 03 ? ChatGPT Technology Stack

Introduction
Hardware Technology Stack
  Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)
  Tensor Processing Units (TPUs)
  High Bandwidth Memory (HBM)
  Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA)
Cloud Computing Infrastructure
Software Technology Stack
Programming Languages
  Python Programming Language
  C++ Programming Language
  CUDA Programming Language
  HTML Language
  JavaScript
Deep Learning Frameworks
  PyTorch Platform
  Keras Platform
  TensorFlow
  Theano
  NumPy
  Anaconda
Natural Language Processing Libraries
  Hugging Face Transformers
  SpaCy Platform

Chapter 04 ? Natural Language Processing (NLP): Foundation Building Block of ChatGPT

Introduction
What Is NLP?
How Does NLP Technology Work?
Branches of NLP
Historical Eras of NLP
  Symbolic NLP Era
  Statistical NLP Era
  Neural NLP Era
Applications of NLP
  ChatGPT
  Domain-Specific Chatbots
  Language Translation
  Speech Recognition
  Text Processing
  Spam Filtering
  Sentiment Analysis
  Predictive Recommendation
  Smart Assistants
  Data Analysis
  Grammar Checker Applications
  Personalized Marketing
  Social Media Monitoring
What Techniques Are Used in Natural Language Processing?
  Parts of Speech Tagging
  Tokenization
  Named Entity Recognition (NER)
  Sentiment Analysis
  Summarization
  Topic Modeling
  Text Classification
  Keyword Extraction
  Lemmatization and Stemming

Chapter 05 ? Deep Learning Transformer Architecture

Introduction
Importance of Deep Learning Transformer
What Is Transformer Model?
What Is Pre-Trained System?
What Are Main Types of Pre-Trained Systems?
  Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)
  Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT)
  Universal Sentence Encoder (USE)
  Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5)
  Attention Mechanism in Transformer
What Are Large Language Models?
  Examples of Large Language Models
  What Is Large Language Model Dataset?
Main Types of Large Language Datasets
  Wikipedia Text Corpus
  Web Page Text Corpus
  Books Text Corpus
  Other Corpora
Architecture of Different Versions of GPT
  Version GPT 1.0
  Version GPT 2.0
  Version GPT 3.0
  Version GPT 3.5

Chapter 06 ? Fundamentals of ChatGPT Training

Introduction
Training Content Types
  Articles
  Books
  Webpages
  Other Sources
Training Models
Large Language Models
Techniques Used in Training Models
  Masked-Language Modeling Technique
  Next-Token-Prediction Technique
ChatGPT Training Process Simplified
  Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) Model
  Supervised Fine Tuning (SFT) Model
  Reward Model
  Reinforcement Learning Model (RLM)
  Model Evaluation

Chapter 07 ? Using ChatGPT Like a Pro

Introduction
Important Tasks to Use ChatGPT Like a Pro
  How to Register For ChatGPT?
  How to Login ChatGPT?
  Overview of ChatGPT interface
  Getting Started with Your First Query
  Overview of Using ChatGPT
  How to Regenerate New Response?
  How to Copy & Share Response?
  How to Give Feedback to ChatGPT?
  How to Add Customized Instructions?
  How to Set Themes?
  How to Turn-Off/On Your Chat History?
  How to Manage Links for Sharing Chats?
  How to Export Chat Data?
  How to Logout of Your ChatGPT Account?
  How to Delete Your ChatGPT Account?
Upgrading to ChatGPT-4
Difference between Different Versions of ChatGPT
Advanced Features of ChatGPT 4.0
How to Use ChatGPT in Software Development?
How to Use ChatGPT for Effective Text Generation?
What Are the Benefits of Using ChatGPT?
Limitations of ChatGPT

Chapter 08 ? Using Different Versions of ChatGPT

Introduction
Use of the Main Versions of ChatGPT
Using ChatGPT 3.5
  Main Features and Uses
Using ChatGPT 4.0
  Main Features and Uses

Chapter 09 ? Future of ChatGPT

Introduction
Possibilities
Challenges
Implications

Chapter 10 ? Top Use Cases of GPT-Based Tools

Introduction
AI-Powered Tools Similar to ChatGPT
  ChatGPT
  Google Bard
  Claude 2
  DALL-E 2
  GitHub Copilot

Bibliography