Short description:

This book?s core argument is that an artificial intelligence that could equal or exceed human intelligence is for mathematical reasons impossible. In supporting their claim, the authors marshal evidence from mathematics, physics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, biology, and anthropology.

Long description:

This is a revised and expanded second edition of Why Machines Will Never Rule the World. Its core argument remains the same: that an artificial intelligence (AI) that could equal or exceed human intelligence ? sometimes called ?artificial general intelligence? (AGI) ? is for mathematical reasons impossible. It offers two specific reasons for this claim:

1. Human intelligence is a capability of the human brain and central nervous system, which is a complex dynamic system


2. Systems of this sort cannot be modelled mathematically in a way that allows them to operate inside a computer

In supporting their claim, the authors, Jobst Landgrebe and Barry Smith, marshal evidence from mathematics, physics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, biology, and anthropology, setting up their book around three central questions: What are the essential marks of human intelligence? What is it that researchers try to do when they attempt to achieve ?Artificial Intelligence? (AI)? And why, after more than 50 years, are our interactions with AI, for example when on the telephone with our bank?s computers, still so unsatisfactory?

The first edition was published the same week that ChatGPT was unleashed onto the world. This second edition shows how the arguments in the book apply already to Large Language Models such as ChatGPT. This new edition also brings up to date the arguments relating to the limits of AI, showing why AI systems are best viewed as pieces of mathematics, which cannot think, feel, or will. They also demolish the idea that, with the help of AI, we could ?solve physics? in a way that would allow us to create, in the cloud, a perfect simulation of reality in which we could enjoy digital immortality. Such ideas reveal a lack of understanding of physics, mathematics, human biology, and computers.

There is still, as the authors demonstrate in an updated final chapter, a great deal that AI can achieve which will benefit humanity. But these benefits will be achieved without the aid of systems that are more powerful than humans, which are as impossible as AI systems that are intrinsically ?evil? or able to ?will? a takeover of human society.

Key Changes to the Second Edition

• Shows how the arguments of the first edition apply also to new Large Language Models


• Adds a treatment of human practical intelligence ? of knowing how vs. knowing that ? a topic that is ignored by the AI community


• Demonstrates why ?AI ethics? should be relabelled as ?ethics of human uses of AI?


• Adds a new chapter showing the essential limitations of physics, providing a thorough grounding for the arguments of the book


• Demolishes the idea that we might already be living in a simulation

Praise for the First Edition:

"It?s a highly impressive piece of work that makes a new and vital contribution to the literature on AI and AGI. The rigor and depth with which the authors make their case is compelling, and the range of disciplinary and scientific knowledge they draw upon is particularly remarkable and truly novel." -- Shannon Vallor, Baillie Gifford Chair, Edinburgh Futures Institute, The University of Edinburgh. 

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction  Part I: Properties of the human mind  2. The human mind  3. Human and machine intelligence  4. The nature of human language  5. The variance and complexity of human language  6. Social and ethical behaviour  Part II: The limits of mathematical models  7. Foundations: The status of physics  8. Complex systems  9. Mathematical models of complex systems  Part III: The limits and potential of AI  10. Why there will be no machine intelligence  11. Why machines will not master human language  12. Why machines will not master social interaction  13. Transhumanism, simulation and Uploading  14. AI spring eternal