Public vs. Private: The Early History of School Choice in America
The Early History of School Choice in America
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP USA
- Date of Publication 29 April 2022
- ISBN 9780197613566
- Binding Paperback
- No. of pages222 pages
- Size 150x226x15 mm
- Weight 318 g
- Language English 199
Categories
Short description:
Americans choose from a dizzying array of schools, loosely categorized as "public" and "private." How did these distinctions emerge, and what do they tell us about the relationship in the United States between public authority and private enterprise? Challenged by the rise of Catholic and other parochial schools in the nineteenth century, states sought to protect the public school monopoly through regulation. Ultimately, however, Robert N. Gross shows how the public policies that resulted produced a stable educational marketplace, where choice flourished.
MoreLong description:
Americans today choose from a dizzying array of schools, loosely lumped into categories of "public" and "private." How did these distinctions emerge in the first place, and what do they tell us about the more general relationship in the United States between public authority and private enterprise? In Public vs. Private, Robert N. Gross describes how, more than a century ago, public policies fostered the rise of modern school choice. In the late nineteenth century, American Catholics began constructing rival, urban parochial school systems, an enormous and dramatic undertaking that challenged public school systems' near-monopoly of education. In a nation deeply committed to public education, mass attendance in Catholic schools produced immense conflict. States quickly sought ways to regulate this burgeoning private sector and the competition it produced, even attempting to abolish private education altogether in the 1920s. Ultimately, however, Gross shows how the public policies that resulted produced a stable educational marketplace, where choice flourished. The creation of the educational marketplace that we have inherited today--with systematic alternatives to public schools--was as much a product of public power as of private initiative.
Gross also demonstrates that schools have been key sites in the development of the American legal conceptions of "public" and "private". Landmark Supreme Court cases about the state's role in regulating private schools, such as the 1819 Dartmouth v. Woodward decision, helped define and redefine the scope of government power over private enterprise. Judges and public officials gradually blurred the meaning of "public" and "private," contributing to the broader shift in how American governments have used private entities to accomplish public aims. As ever more policies today seek to unleash market forces in education, Americans would do well to learn from the historical relationship between government, markets, and schools.
The general outlines of Gross's story are well known to education historians, but Gross brings a new perspective that offers valuable insights.
Table of Contents:
Introduction: Private Schools and Public Regulation in American History
Chapter One: Public Monopoly
Chapter Two: Competing Schools
Chapter Three: Educational Regulation
Chapter Four: Public Policy and Private Schools
Chapter Five: Creating the Educational Marketplace
Chapter Six: Fighting the Educational Monopoly
Epilogue: Public Problems and Private Education in the Post-World War II Era
Notes
Bibliography
Index
