Party System Closure
Party Alliances, Government Alternatives, and Democracy in Europe
Series: Comparative Politics;
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP Oxford
- Date of Publication 13 May 2021
- ISBN 9780198823605
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages320 pages
- Size 239x163x21 mm
- Weight 628 g
- Language English 383
Categories
Short description:
This book maps trends in inter-party relations in Europe from 1848 until 2019. It investigates how the length of democratic experience, the institutionalization of individual parties, the fragmentation of parliaments, and the support for anti-establishment parties, shape the degree of institutionalisation of party systems.
MoreLong description:
Party System Closure maps trends in interparty relations in Europe from 1848 until 2019. It investigates how the length of democratic experience, the institutionalization of individual parties, the fragmentation of parliaments, and the support for anti-establishment parties, shape the degree of institutionalization of party systems. The analyses presented answer the questions of whether predictability in partisan interactions is necessary for the survival of democratic regimes and whether it improves or undermines the quality of democracy. The developments of party politics at the elite level are contrasted with the dynamics of voting behaviour. The comparisons of distinct historical periods and of macro-regions provide a comprehensive picture of the European history of party competition and cooperation.
The empirical overview presented in the book is based on a novel conceptual framework and features party composition data of more than a thousand European governments. Party systems are analysed in terms of poles and blocs, and the degree of closure and of polarization is related to a new party system typology. The book demonstrates that information collected from partisan interactions at the time of government formation can reveal changes that characterise the party system as a whole.
The empirical results confirm that the Cold War period (1945-1989) was exceptionally stable, while the post-Berlin-Wall era shows signs of disintegration, although more at the level of voters than at the level of elites. After three decades of democratic politics in Europe (1990-2019), the West and the South are looking increasingly like the East, especially in terms of the level of party de-institutionalization. The West and the South are becoming more polarised than the East, but in terms of parliamentary fragmentation, the party systems of the South and the East are converging, while the West is diverging from the rest with its increasingly high number of parties. As far as our central concept, party system closure, is concerned, thanks to the gradual process of stabilization in the East, and the recent de-institutionalization in the West and South, the regional differences are declining.
Comparative Politics is a series for researchers, teachers, and students of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu. The series is edited by Susan Scarrow, Chair of the Department of Political Science, University of Houston, and Jonathan Slapin, Professor of Political Institutions and European Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Zurich.
This is an important book that represents a major step forward for the field of party system research. It focusses on closure, a particular characteristic of democratic party systems that was introduced as a concept approximately a quarter century ago by Peter Mair.
Table of Contents:
Introduction: A Systemic Approach to Inter-Party Relationships
The Logic of Inter-party Competition and Cooperation: Blocs, Poles, Institutionalization, and Closure
A New European Dataset and the Measurement of Party System Closure Data
Currently Functioning European Party Systems
Historical (i.e. Defunct) European Party Systems
Party System Closure in Comparative Perspective
From Time to Time: Democratic Age, Birth, and Closure
The Whole is More than the Sum of the Parts: Party Institutionalization and Closure
Size Does Matter: The Number of Parties and Closure
Pulling Apart: Polarization and Closure
The Explanatory Model of Closure: Factors and Mechanisms
Survival vs. Quality: Democratic Consequences of Closure
Conclusion: How Do Party Systems Institutionalize?
Party System Closure: Party Alliances, Government Alternatives, and Democracy in Europe
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