The Gas Troika on the European Gas Market by Shayan, Fatemeh;

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The Gas Troika on the European Gas Market, Volume 2 explores the ever-growing interest in European countries in consuming natural gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) as the beginning of a significant shift towards more environment-friendly energy resources. The book studies the national and inter-regional contexts concerning increasing import volumes of the European gas market (EGM) from Russia, Qatar, and Iran through the Gas-Troika Organization (GTO) between 2016 and 2022.

While the wider energy policies of GTO members in the EGM are discussed, the more specific questions the contributions to this edited volume delve into are:

• How do the GTO members develop their interests and energy policies in the European environment?
• How do the common interests and policies of the GTO members explain the framework of the organization in the EGM?
• How is this organization perceived and assessed as a semi-coherent regional entity?

In studying these questions, the book applies a theoretical framework incorporating social structuration as a new approach. This second volume on the GTO places its arguments in the context of the Ukrainian conflict and the consequent shift in Russia’s long-standing influence in European energy affairs and its position in the global energy hierarchy; economic sanctions imposed on Iran by United States and the European Union and growing political tensions between the parties; and Qatar's strategic actions, including maintaining and expanding LNG production capacity.

Researchers in energy economics and political sciences, as well as energy analysts and consultants will find this book to be extremely beneficial.

In The Gas Troika on the European Gas Market, Volume 2, Professor Fatemeh Shayan touches upon a theme that is extremely timely in today’s chaos-riddled world. This remarkable study reminds us how important it is to pay attention to regional, national and local development trends which determine how markets are dependent on the evolution of international events, whether it be the war in Ukraine, the situation in Palestine, or impacts of sanction and embargos. This book allows us to approach all these difficult questions with scientific reasoning rather than stereotypes and misinformation.--Tuomo Melasuo, Professor Emeritus, Tampere University, Finland

The Gas Troika on the European Gas Market, Volume 2 deals with one of the essential dimensions of the international energy flows. To what extent efforts to create a more focused "Big Gas Troika" within the Gas Exporting Countries Forum composed of Iran, Qatar, and Russia is a real thing, has been up for debate among energy specialists. This book is one of the very few systematic analyses on this issue. It creatively applies the theory of social structuration to analyse the interests and constrains of the GTO members. This approach enables an in-depth exploration of the varying resources and interests of the three countries: competition, common interests, political constrains and environmental side-effects. The book is obligatory reading for all those interested in energy economics and energy policy, and scholars of the global economy and international relations.--Markku Kivinen, Professor Emeritus, University of Helsinki, Finland

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