Brazil and the Struggle for Rubber
A Study in Environmental History
Series: Studies in Environment and History;
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Product details:
- Edition number New ed
- Publisher Cambridge University Press
- Date of Publication 4 July 2002
- ISBN 9780521526920
- Binding Paperback
- No. of pages252 pages
- Size 228x150x16 mm
- Weight 382 g
- Language English
- Illustrations 9 b/w illus. 1 map 2 tables 0
Categories
Short description:
An environmental explanation of Brazil's repeated failures to re-establish itself as a leading rubber producer.
MoreLong description:
Brazil once enjoyed a near monopoly in rubber when the commodity was gathered in the wild. By 1913, however, cultivated rubber in South-east Asia swept the Brazilian gathered product from the market. In this innovative study, Warren Dean demonstrates that environmental factors have played a key role in the many failed attempts to produce a significant rubber crop again in Brazil. In the Amazon attempts to shift to cultivated rubber failed repeatedly. Brazilian social and economic conditions have been blamed for these failures, in particular the failure of local capitalists and the refusal of the working class to accept wage labour. Dean shows in this study, however, that the difficulty was mainly ecological: the rubber tree in the wild lives in close association with a parasitic leaf fungus; when the tree was planted in close stands, the blight appeared in epidemic proportions.
"Dean has written a lucid and solidly researched account of how a particular plant disease prevented the development of an important branch of agriculture in one country, thereby affecting its economic development, Brazil and the Struggle for Rubber is warmly recommended as a perceptive study of the relationship between humans and their environment." ISIS
Table of Contents:
Explanatory notes; Abbreviations; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1. Prometheus in reverse, 1855-1876; 2. Awaiting developments, 1876-1906; 3. Production and folklore, 1876-1910; 4. The reason why, 1904-1923; 5. A jump in the dark, 1923-1940; 6. The battle for rubber, 1940-1945; 7. Administrative discontinuities, 1946-1961; 8. Complete perplexity, 1961-1972; 9. Economically guaranteed, 1973-1986; Conclusion; Appendix; Notes; Glossary; Index.
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