A Progressive Occupation?
The Gallieni-Lyautey Method and Colonial Pacification in Tonkin and Madagascar, 1885-1900
Series: Oxford Historical Monographs;
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP Oxford
- Date of Publication 15 August 2013
- ISBN 9780199674572
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages280 pages
- Size 223x153x22 mm
- Weight 472 g
- Language English
- Illustrations 16 black and white figures 0
Categories
Short description:
A volume which offers new insights into the nature of military conflict and consolidation within European empires in the late nineteenth century.
MoreLong description:
On the eve of the twentieth century, Joseph Gallieni and Hubert Lyautey claimed to have devised a new approach to the consolidation of colonial acquisitions. Their method emphasized the primacy of political action over military action, called for the replacement of military columns with a 'creeping occupation', stressed the importance of economic-organisational development in ensuring the lasting stability of newly-acquired imperial possessions, and called for the unification of civil and military powers in the hands of the soldier, who would act as the first administrator of the colony.
This method was the culmination of colonial experiences in Tonkin and Madagascar in the final decades of the nineteenth century. Following Gallieni's career path across these colonies, A Progressive Occupation? The Gallieni-Lyautey Method and Colonial Pacification in Tonkin and Madagascar, 1885-1900 focuses first on the painful process of pacification in Tonkin, locating the emergence of the method and Gallieni's own achievements in their proper context. The volume's focus then moves across the Indian Ocean to Madagascar, where Gallieni, combining the roles of Commander-in-Chief and Governor-General, was able to play out his nascent colonial method on a grand scale. Meanwhile, his subordinates - with Lyautey at the forefront - were able to interpret his method in the execution of their missions.
Drawing heavily on French archival sources, Michael Finch sheds new light on colonial conflict and consolidation during the age of European imperial expansion, illustrates the differences, gaps and transgressions that exist between the theory and the practice of pacification, and raises broader questions about the French army, empire and civil-military relations.
A Progressive Occupation? is a distinguished contribution to the history of French colonial warfare and imperial rule. Michael Finch provides a comprehensive, fresh, and insightful analysis of the emergence, development, and application of one of the most famous and influential French theories of 'pacification', Lyautey's 'oil spot' method, a method which directly influenced the modern population-centric form of counter-insurgency.
Table of Contents:
List of Figures and Tables
Note on place names
Introduction
Colonial Consolidation, Pacification, and Military Practice, 1870-1914
A Method in History and in Theory
Tonkin 1885 - 1891: pacification without method
Tonkin 1891 - 1896: the arrival of method
Madagascar, 1896-1899: the method on a large scale
Conclusion
Tables and Figures
Bibliography
