Local Government Development in Post-war Japan
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP Oxford
- Date of Publication 15 November 2001
- ISBN 9780199248285
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages272 pages
- Size 243x162x20 mm
- Weight 529 g
- Language English
- Illustrations 8 figures 0
Categories
Short description:
This book provides an updated and comprehensive review of the development of Japan's local government system over the past half century. It corrects the view that Japan is over-centralized by providing examples of expanding local government autonomy over time. Such examples include the success of local initiatives in anti-pollution, healthcare, and welfare policies. It also shows that gradual and controlled decentralization, as practised in Japan, has helped avoid coordination problems while providing time and resources for local governments to build capacity to undertake development projects, programmes, and planning. In so doing, it offers an alternative to the view that maximum autonomy quickly granted is the best way to develop local governments.
MoreLong description:
This book examines the evolution of intergovernmental relations in postwar Japan. These relations are shown to be both complex and dynamic, and the Japanese model is revealed as one in which aspects of both central control and local autonomy have co-existed with the balance shifting gradually over time towards the latter. The Japanese system has helped to maintain broad-based economic growth since it has at its core a strongly egalitarian fiscal transfer mechanism. At the same time, it has proved to be consistent, to a much greater extent than previously recognized, with political development, or progress in the attainment of such political values as liberty (personal rights) and equality (broad participation in public affairs) for individuals and communities. This is because the national government has proved flexible enough to accommodate, although not always with grace or alacrity, citizen concerns about the quality of life. The Japanese approach to intergovernmental relationships has also been successful in solving coordination problems which often arise between local and central government units and in building capacity to support greater and effective decentralization. Coordination problems have been handled through a variety of mechanisms including the practice of agency delegated functions, while local capacity issues have been addressed through such practices as the exchange of personnel across different levels of government and the use of attractive compensation and training packages to recruit and retain local staff. The Japanese experience thus provides an example of gradual and guided decentralization based on shared responsibilities between local and central governments for mobilizing, managing, and spending public resources in the pursuit of sustainable development.
... for those who see merit in administrative effectiveness as well as narrowly defined efficiency, there is much to consider here.
Table of Contents:
Understanding Japanese Central-Local Government Relations: Perspectives, Models, and Salient Characteristics
Towards Political Inclusiveness: The Changing Role of Local Government
Partnership in Controlled Decentralization: Local Governments and the Ministry of Home Affairs
Local Taxes and Intergovernmental Transfers in Japan's Local Public Finances
Impersonal Mechanisms and Personal Networks in the Distribution of Central Grants to Local Governments in Japan
An Analysis of Staff Loans and Transfers Among Central and Local Governments in Japan
Personnel Pay Systems and Organizations of Local Governments
Municipal Amalgamation in Japan
The Agency-Delegated Function and its Implications
Local Policy Initiatives in Integrated Central-Local Relations
Local Government Development: Some Lessons of Experience from Japan
